[116] The Torre Guaceto protected area, located near Brindisi and Carovigno, covers a sea surface of 2,227 hectares (5,500 acres) and is adjacent to the Torre Guaceto State Reserve covering 1,114 hectares (2,750 acres) of coast and sharing an 8-kilometre (5.0 mi) coastline with the marine protected area. On the Adriatic Sea's coasts and islands, there are numerous small settlements, and a number of larger cities. [88] Since then, the Po delta has been prograding (expanding/extending). [98], The unique nature of the Adriatic gives rise to an abundance of endemic flora and fauna. The total fisheries output's gross value in 2002 was $1.9 billion. [250] ZERP was introduced in 2003, but its application to EU member states was suspended in 2004. This separation began in the Middle and Late Triassic, when limestone began to be deposited in the area. [245][246][247] Aside from the EU membership difficulty, even before its settling the dispute has caused no major practical problems. The marine protected area covers 48 square kilometres (19 sq mi). fév. - forum Italie - Besoin d'infos sur Italie ? Jukić (1972, 1975) found that, in the central Adriatic channels, the Red mullet s food consists of Polychaeta, Lamellibranchiata and Crustacea.The same prey was described as the dominant food of this species by Haidar (1970) and Froglia (1988).It is also observed that the … Les États membres notifient toute subdivision à la Commission au plus tard à la date précisée à l’article 26, paragraphe 1, premier alinéa, mais ils peuvent la modifier après achèvement de l’évaluation initiale visée à l’article 5, paragraphe 2, point a) i). Through that process, the Adriatic Sea produces most of the East Mediterranean deep water. L’eau est basse et le fond sableux, voilà pourquoi se baigner ici est joli, amusant et sûr, tout spécialement pour les enfants qui … [223] The FTT was partitioned in 1954: Trieste itself and the area to the North of it were placed under Italian control, while the rest came under Yugoslav control. [204] The campaign reached its climax in the 1811 Battle of Lissa,[citation needed] and ended with British and Austrian troops seizing the coastal cities on the eastern Adriatic coast from the French. La température de la mer la plus basse relevée ce mois-ci est de 22.1°C et la plus haute est de 28.3°C. Google Scholar. Following World War I and the collapse of Austria-Hungary and the Ottoman Empire, the eastern coast's control passed to Yugoslavia and Albania. [236] These disputes with Slovenia were eventually settled with an agreement to accept the decision of an international arbitration commission set up via the UN, enabling Croatia to progress towards EU membership. Fish population analysis. Voici les températures moyennes de la mer. [112], The Adriatic Sea ecosystem is threatened by excessive input of nutrients through drainage from agricultural land and wastewater flowing from cities; this includes both along its coast and from rivers draining into the sea—especially from the Po River. It contributes to the flow of bottom water from the Adriatic to the Levantine Basin through the Ionian Sea. The most common species are Cymodocea nodosa and Zostera noltii, while Zostera marina and Posidonia oceanica are comparatively rare. This rate of discharge amounts to 0.5% of the total Adriatic Sea volume, or a 1.3-metre (4 ft 3 in) layer of water each year. The sinking of Venice slowed after artesian wells were banned in the 1960s, but the city remains threatened by the acqua alta floods. Geophysical and geological information indicate that the Adriatic Sea and the Po Valley are associated with a tectonic microplate—identified as the Apulian or Adriatic Plate—that separated from the African Plate during the Mesozoic era. [101] Basking sharks[104] and manta rays are some of migrant species to the sea. INA estimates, however, are 50% lower than those supplied by Eni. The very large schools consisted mainly of little tunny and moved as far as the Gulf of Trieste. This dispute was exacerbated by the peninsula's occupation by the Yugoslav People's Army and later by the (Serbian–Montenegrin) FR Yugoslav Army, which in turn was replaced by a United Nations observer mission that lasted until 2002. Les mouvements de la plaque contribuèrent à la formation des Apennins. [9][28], Exclusive economic zones in Adriatic Sea :[29], The Adriatic Sea's average depth is 259.5 metres (851 ft), and its maximum depth is 1,233 metres (4,045 ft); however, the North Adriatic basin rarely exceeds a depth of 100 metres (330 ft). 5-88. [115] The Isole Tremiti reserve has been protected since 1989, while the Tremiti islands themselves are part of the Gargano National Park. En plein été, en juillet et en août, Venise est un peu étouffante, sauf lorsque la … That boundary became more consistently defined by Roman authors – early Greek sources place the boundary between the Adriatic and Ionian seas at various places ranging from adjacent to the Gulf of Venice to the southern tip of the Peloponnese, eastern shores of Sicily and western shores of Crete. D. Ianniello, A., Bolelli, W., and Di Scala, L., 1992, Barbara Field, Adriatic Sea, Offshore Italy, In Giant Oil and Gas Fields of the Decade, 1978–1988, AAPG Memoir 54, Halbouty, M.T., editor, Tulsa: American Association of Petroleum Geologists, formation of the surrounding mountain chains, Specially Protected Areas of Mediterranean Importance, internationally important (Ramsar) wetland reserves, Armistice between Italy and Allied armed forces, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, "Drainage Basin of the Mediterranean Sea", United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, "Cartography in Croatia 2007–2011 – National Report to the ICA", "S pomočjo mareografske postaje v Kopru do novega geodetskega izhodišča za Slovenijo", Die Alpen: Hydrologie und Verkehrsübergänge (German), Statistical Office of the Republic of Slovenia, "Coastline lengths and areas of islands in the Croatian part of the Adriatic Sea determined from the topographic maps at the scale of 1 : 25 000", "Croatian small islands – residential and/or leisure area", "Stare crkve na Cresu i Lošinju te okolnim otocima", "Cape Kephali, Corfu, Greece – the southernmost point of the Adriatic Sea", "Sea Around Us | Fisheries, Ecosystems and Biodiversity", "Adriatic Sea Fisheries: outline of some main facts", "Zadar: Zbog velike plime more poplavilo obalu", "Jugo i niski tlak: More poplavilo šibensku rivu", "Marine Radioecology and Waste Management in the Adriatic", "Investigation of submarine groundwater discharge", "The Adriatic Sea General Circulation. [124] The Mljet national park was established in 1960, covering a 24-square-kilometre (9.3 sq mi) marine protection area. The largest cargo ports among them are the Port of Trieste (the largest Adriatic cargo port in Italy), the Port of Venice, the Port of Ravenna, the Port of Koper (the largest Slovenian port),[272] the Port of Rijeka (the largest Croatian cargo port), and the Port of Brindisi. Italy and Yugoslavia agreed on their maritime boundaries by 1975 and this boundary is recognised by Yugoslavia's successor states, but the maritime boundaries between Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, and Montenegro are still disputed. [249] Overfishing is a recognised problem—450 species of fish live in the Adriatic Sea, including 120 species threatened by excessive commercial fishing, a problem exacerbated by pollution and global warming. Privrednik", Ministry of Tourism, Cultural Affairs, Youth and Sports (Albania), "Tourism – Hotels, Slovenia, 2008–2010 – final data", "Traffic of ships, passengers and goods by harbour master's offices and statistical ports, 2008", "Slovenia's Luka Koper 2011 Cargo Throughput Up 11%", "Signed the founding of the NAPA in Trieste, Rijeka is expected to join in", Ministry of Maritime Affairs, Transport and Infrastructure (Croatia), "Annamaria offshore oil rig starts trial run", "Natural gas reserves in the Adriatic may be up to 100 billion cubic meters", "Istraživanje i proizvodnja ugljikovodika u Hrvatskoj", "Petroleum Systems of the Po Basin Province of Northern Italy and the Northern Adriatic Sea", "Northern Petroleum to expand exploration of Rovesti and Giove oil discoveries", "New Commercial Oil Discovery at Rovesti Structure in South Adriatic and its Importance for Croatian Part of Adriatic Basin", "Milanović poništio Kosoričin natječaj za istraživanje nafte i plina", "Oceanographic Time Series in the Adriatic Sea", Region 5 – Western Africa, Mediterranean, Black Sea Nautical Charts, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adriatic_Sea&oldid=995296315, Bodies of water of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Articles with Slovene-language sources (sl), Articles with dead external links from February 2017, Pages containing links to subscription-only content, Articles with Albanian-language sources (sq), Articles with dead external links from January 2020, Articles with permanently dead external links, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles using infobox body of water without pushpin map, Articles using infobox body of water without image bathymetry, Articles containing Albanian-language text, Articles containing Emilian-language text, Articles containing Friulian-language text, Articles containing Istro Romanian-language text, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles containing Serbo-Croatian-language text, Articles containing Slovene-language text, Articles containing Venetian-language text, Articles containing Croatian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2020, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 20 December 2020, at 07:36. La carte ci-dessous présente une moyenne mensuelle de la température de l'eau de la mer adriatique pour le mois de août pour plusieurs villes côtières. [99] Four out of five Mediterranean seagrass species are found in the Adriatic Sea. [71] Similarly, karst developed in Apulia from the Apulian Carbonate Platform. [143] An additional risk is presented by oil refineries in the Po River basin where oil spills have occurred before,[144] in addition to accidents occurring in the Adriatic already, so far with no significant environmental consequences. [277] In 2010, the Northern Adriatic seaports of Trieste, Venice, Ravenna, Koper and Rijeka founded the North Adriatic Ports Association to position themselves more favourably in the EU's transport systems. Following Italian unification, the Kingdom of Italy started an eastward expansion that lasted until the 20th century. Météo Marine - Météo Côtière - Météo Marine à 15 jours ⛵ pour les Ports, les Zones Côtières, le Large, et les Plans d'eau en France, en Europe, et en Méditerranée ☼ - Toute l'Actualité et les Alertes Météo avec METEO CONSULT - L'assistance Météo en Direct - Prévisions Météo Marine gratuites et Abonnements Météo Marine [248] In 2000, the nominal—on a live weight basis—total landings of all Adriatic fisheries reached 110,000 tonnes (108,000 long tons). In 402 AD, during a period of repeated Germanic invasions of Italy, the capital was shifted to Ravenna because nearby marshes made it more defensible, and the Adriatic provided an easy escape path by sea. [229] The ensuing Croatian War of Independence included limited naval engagements and a blockade of Croatia's coast by the Yugoslav Navy,[230] leading to the Battle of the Dalmatian channels and a later withdrawal of Yugoslav vessels. [203] The Adriatic Sea was a minor theatre in the Napoleonic Wars; the Adriatic campaign of 1807–1814 involved the British Royal Navy contesting the Adriatic's control by the combined navies of France, Italy and the Kingdom of Naples. Vous pouvez ainsi aisément choisir une destination de vacances où se baigner sera agréable ou savoir quand est le bon moment pour aller à la plage ! Albania and Italy determined their sea border in 1992 according to the equidistance principle. It is estimated that some karst formations are from earlier sea level drops, most notably the Messinian salinity crisis. An advance began after the Last Glacial Maximum, which brought the Adriatic to a high point at about 5,500 years ago. [112] In addition, there is a Ramsar wetland reserve in Croatia—the Neretva river's delta. L’automne est une saison encore agréable pour profiter des plages car le soleil est encore au rendez-vous mais la température de la mer commence à se rafraîchir avec ses 21°C. [158] Greek colonisation of the Adriatic dates back to the 7th and 6th centuries BC when Epidamnos and Apollonia were founded. [197], In 1648, the Holy Roman Empire lost its claim on its former Italian lands, formally ending the Kingdom of Italy; however, its only outlet on the Adriatic Sea, the Duchy of Ferrara, was already lost to the Papal States. The initial Roman intervention in 229 BC, motivated in part by a desire to suppress Illyrian piracy in the Adriatic, marked the first time that the Roman navy crossed that sea to launch a military campaign. [2] In classical antiquity, the sea was known as Mare Adriaticum (Mare Hadriaticum, also sometimes simplified to Adria) or, less frequently, as Mare Superum, "[the] upper sea". [278][279], The port of Trieste is of particular importance for Central Europe, because this is where the Transalpine Pipeline begins, supplying 100 percent of southern Germany, 90 percent of Austria and 50 percent of the Czech Republic with crude oil. [45] Another significant contributor of freshwater to the Adriatic is the submarine groundwater discharge through submarine springs (Croatian: vrulja); it is estimated to comprise 29% of the total water flux into the Adriatic. Chlorophyll a concentration data were supplied by Drs A.Tsuda, H.Saito and H.Kasai of the Hokkaido National Fisheries Research Institute. ... M. Zore-ArmandaLes masses d′eau de la mer Adriatique. [170], Another city on the Italian coast of the Adriatic that increased in importance during the Roman era was Ravenna. [215] In 1918, the Montenegrin national assembly voted to unite with the Kingdom of Serbia, giving the latter access to the Adriatic. Plusieurs pays ont leurs côtes au bord de la mer adriatique, parmi lesquels : l'Albanie, la Bosnie-Herzégovine, la Croatie, les Îles croates, l'Italie et la Slovénie. FAO Fisheries Technical Papers … [34], The normal tide levels are known to increase significantly in a conducive environment, leading to coastal flooding; this phenomenon is most famously known in Italy—especially Venice—as acqua alta. In the territory outside the Austrian Littoral, special status was given to Fiume (modern day Rijeka) as a separate part of the Kingdom of Hungary. [187] In 1202, the Fourth Crusade was diverted to conquer Zadar at the behest of the Venetians—the first instance of a Crusader force attacking a Catholic city—before proceeding to sack Constantinople. [156] During classical antiquity, Illyrians inhabited the eastern Adriatic coast,[157] and the western coast was inhabited by the peoples of Ancient Italy, mainly Etruscans, before the Roman Republic's rise. ... Déjà en mai, la température oscille entre 21 et 25°C. [290], In the 2000s, investigation works aimed at discovering gas and oil reserves in the Middle and Southern Adriatic basins intensified, and by the decade's end, oil and natural gas reserves were discovered southeast of the Bari, Brindisi—Rovesti and Giove oil discoveries.